The Endocannabinoid System

The endocannabinoid system is also called the ECS. It is a vast network of cells, tissues, and chemicals. It serves as the body’s primary system for internal homeostasis. Basically, the ECS tells the body how to regulate itself. The ECS consists of the endocannabinoids (the natural compounds that activate the system), their receptors, and the molecules that synthesize and break down these chemicals. The ECS has a variety of functions, including the regulation of immune responses, the control of pain and inflammation, and the maintenance of the body’s internal environment. It also affects the body’s response to external stimuli, such as the cannabinoids found in cannabis.

The Endocannabinoid System, AKA The ECS

Cannabis interacts with the ECS by binding to cannabinoid receptors on cells and influencing the production and activity of endocannabinoids and other molecules involved in the system. This interaction is responsible for the wide range of effects cannabis has on the body, including pain relief, regulating blood sugar and blood pressure, and a feeling of well-being. The discovery of the endocannabinoid system has revolutionized the field of cannabis research. In addition, the current knowledge about the ECS has led to the development of cannabis-based medications used to treat various medical conditions.

General Image Depicting the relation of Anatomy and the Endocannabinoid System

There are two primary receptors on the ECS, the CB1, and CB2. CB1 receptors are mostly in the brain. This is because many brain cells contain it, including neurons related to pain perception, mood, and movement control. Like the CB1 receptors, the CB2 receptors sit outside cell membranes and prevent molecules from entering the cell. In addition, several receptors are found in peripheral tissues, including the immune system and some parts of the brain, where they regulate pain and inflammation.

A Depiction of The Relation of the CB1 and CB2 Receptors of the Endocannabinoid System

The cannabis plant contains a variety of compounds, some of which are cannabinoids and others of which are non-cannabinoid compounds. The cannabinoids from a plant are referred to as phytocannabinoids. This includes the well-known psychoactive compound THC and the non-psychoactive compound CBD. Cannabinoids such as CBG and CBC also interact with the ECS, but not in a way that would make a person high. It is currently unknown whether these non-cannabinoid compounds can interact with the endocannabinoid system. Additional cannabinoids will likely be discovered as cannabis research evolves.

Cannabis Contains Cannabinoids that Interact with the Endocannabinoid System